Glossary
C
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CO₂e – (CO₂ Equivalents)
Unit of measure to compare the effect of different greenhouse gases. It converts the amount of a greenhouse gas into the corresponding amount of CO2 that causes the same warming over a given period.
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Comprehensive Income Statement
Reconciliation of expenses and revenues recorded in the income statement, as well as changes directly recorded in equity, considering deferred taxes, to the comprehensive income of a period.
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Consolidation Group
Parent company and group of subsidiary companies included in the consolidated financial statements.
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CSRD – Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive
The Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) is an EU directive that requires companies to produce more comprehensive and standardized reports on their sustainability performance, including environmental, social, and governance (ESG) aspects.
D
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DAX – Deutscher Aktienindex (German Stock Index)
Compiled by the Deutsche Börse. The index reflects the performance of the 40 most important German stocks, including Beiersdorf AG.
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Deferred Taxes
Balance sheet item for deferred taxes to offset the difference between temporally differing valuations of assets and liabilities between tax balance sheet and those considered in the IFRS statement, as well as from tax loss carryforwards.
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Divestments
Sold subsidiaries or business segments.
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Dividend
The dividend is the share of distributed profit per individual share of a joint-stock company.
E
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EBIT (Earnings Before Interest and Taxes)
Result before interest and taxes.
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EBIT excluding special factors
EBIT excluding special factors shows the operating result (EBIT), adjusted for one-time, non-operational business transactions.
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EBIT Margin
The EBIT margin is calculated from the ratio of EBIT to sales.
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EBIT Return on Net Operating Capital
The EBIT Return on Net Operating Capital shows the ratio of operating result (EBIT) to operational net assets.
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EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization)
EBITDA shows the operating result (EBIT) before depreciation, amortization, and write-downs.
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Equity Ratio
The equity ratio is the proportion of equity to total capital (balance sheet total). It provides information about the financial strength and thus the economic stability of a company.
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Equity
The equity of a company indicates the difference between the value of assets and liabilities.
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ESG
ESG stands for Environmental, Social, and Governance, referring to criteria used to assess companies' sustainability and social responsibility, as well as their management and governance practices.
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ESRS – European Sustainability Reporting Standards
The European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS) are a set of binding reporting standards developed under the CSRD to help companies uniformly and thoroughly disclose their sustainability information in the areas of environmental, social, and governance (ESG).
F
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Full-Time Equivalent (FTE)
Full-time equivalent (FTE) represents the total workload of an organization in terms of full-time positions. It converts hours worked by all employees—full-time, part-time, and others—into equivalent full-time units.
G
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Gross Cash Flow
Gross cash flow represents the surplus of operating income over operating expenses before further use of funds.
I
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IAS – International Accounting Standards/IFRS – International Financial Reporting
Standards International accounting standards created by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). According to EU regulation, publicly traded companies in Europe must account and report according to these rules.
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In Vitro
In research, "in vitro" refers to experiments conducted in a controlled artificial environment outside a living organism, such as in a test tube.
M
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Market Capitalization
Market value of a joint-stock company. Market capitalization is calculated by multiplying the current stock price by the number of issued shares.
N
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Net Retained Profits
Balance of the annual surplus of the fiscal year, profit or loss carried forward, and result utilization.
O
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Organic Sales Growth
Organic sales growth shows nominal revenue growth, adjusted for exchange rate effects, as well as structural effects from acquisitions and divestments.
P
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POS – Point of Sale
Location of purchase (from the consumer's perspective) or location of sale (from the merchant's perspective).
S
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Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions
According to the "Greenhouse Gas Protocol," a company's greenhouse gas emissions are divided into three areas: Scope 1 includes direct emissions from the company. Scope 2 includes the indirect release of emissions through the purchase of energy. Scope 3 includes all indirect emissions occurring in the upstream and downstream supply chain.
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Special Factors
Special factors are income or expenses from one-time, non-operational business transactions.
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Supply Chain Management
Management of goods traffic and information flow between a company and its suppliers and customers to achieve strategic advantages. It includes processes of material management, logistics, physical distribution management, procurement, and information management.